Abstract

Single-pass transmembrane protein having a membrane-spanning domain which helps in movement of protein towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Different types of trans-membrane protein (type I, II, III, and IV) is responsible for different function where both type II and III membrane proteins contain a special single membrane-spanning domain. In both proteins due to the presence of single membrane-spanning domain it acts as a signal to initiate insertion and as a membrane anchor. Further, this signal anchor may help in membrane insertion with either an Ncyt/Cexo orientation or Nexo/Ccyt orientation. Our study focused only on type III proteins. As this protein only possess single-anchor sequence and there is no N-terminal signal peptide. Usually, Type III proteins are positively charged due to the presence of positive cluster residues on the C-terminal side of the signal anchor. The dispersal of charged flanking the hydrophobic core of the signal sequences plays important role in coordination of signal anchor proteins in membrane. Although, the mechanism by which a signal-anchor sequence implements a specific orientation is still unidentified. Here, we performed genome wide screening to identify number of signal anchor proteins in Citrus sinesis genome, which will help to understand the general mechanism of protein orientation in type III membrane proteins.



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