Abstract

This study evaluated the antibacterial and synergistic efficacy of extracts of Vitex grandifolia against some pathogenic microorganisms. The V.grandifolia were obtained within the Niger Delta University campus. Extraction was carried out using water, ethanol, methanol and hexane. Standard agar well diffusion method was employed for the sensitivity test. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design fashion. Ethanol extracts were superior in most cases with regard to the zone of inhibition. The highest synergistic zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus, Salmonella and Proteus species were 17.00mm (root + stem), 14.00mm (root +leaf +stem), 16.00mm (stem +leaf), 16.33mm (stem +leaf) and 17.00mm (root +stem) respectively. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in efficacy of their different plant tissues against the bacteria used in the study. The presence of phytochemicals such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and alkaloids is an indication of the antimicrobial potential of the plant.Thus, V. grandifolia could be used to wade off disease conditions caused by the microorganisms under study.



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