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Phytochemical, antibacterial and synergistic potency of tissues of Vitex grandifolia

Justice Oyindeinyefa EPIDI 1
Sylvester Chibueze IZAH 1, *
Elijah Ige OHIMAIN 1
Timothy T. EPIDI 2

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
  2. Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Correspondence to: Sylvester Chibueze IZAH, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Email: pvphuc@bmrat.org.
Volume & Issue: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2016) | Page No.: 69-76 |
Published: 2016-06-30

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Copyright © 2016 by the author(s).

Copyright The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access by BioMedPress. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0) which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. 

Abstract

This study evaluated the antibacterial and synergistic efficacy of extracts of Vitex grandifolia against some pathogenic microorganisms. The V.grandifolia were obtained within the Niger Delta University campus. Extraction was carried out using water, ethanol, methanol and hexane. Standard agar well diffusion method was employed for the sensitivity test. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design fashion. Ethanol extracts were superior in most cases with regard to the zone of inhibition. The highest synergistic zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus, Salmonella and Proteus species were 17.00mm (root + stem), 14.00mm (root +leaf +stem), 16.00mm (stem +leaf), 16.33mm (stem +leaf) and 17.00mm (root +stem) respectively. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in efficacy of their different plant tissues against the bacteria used in the study. The presence of phytochemicals such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and alkaloids is an indication of the antimicrobial potential of the plant.Thus, V. grandifolia could be used to wade off disease conditions caused by the microorganisms under study.

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